安防監控系統-安全防范技術學科的誕生和組成

所屬分類：手機監控

發布時間：2021-11-21 20:23:32

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突出安防技術的特點，就是要深層次理解安全的需求，探索安全領域潛在的需求。加強應用基礎研究，加強前沿學科的研究和探索，實現技術導向，促進安防技術的發展。安防技術是在其他學科的基礎上，在通用的技術環境下（技術、平臺、芯片等）發展起來，逐漸形成了自己的產品、系統，形成了自己的特點和專門的技術方向。在這些方向上開展的基礎研究、應用基礎研究，將會產生安防所特有的技術、平臺、芯片等。這時人們會說，安防技術是一門獨立的學科，而這門學科最主要的特點是處于其他學科的邊緣同時是多學科的交叉。

隨著光電信息技術、微電子、微型計算機及數字視頻技術的發展，安防技術已由傳統的模擬式而走向高度集成的小型化、數字化、網絡化，并正向著高清化、智能化方向發展。并且已開始從前臺管理向后臺處理等方面發展。不久，在許多數字視頻設備中將具有圖像識別和特征提取的功能，如通過圖像分析實現運動探測和報警、人與車輛等的異常行為的探測與報警等，使安防技術具備智能化。目前，安防技術已從應用各學科技術的經典模式向以圖像處理、識別與跟蹤為核心的安防技術本身特點所需的現代智能化模式轉變。安全防范技術學科已由光電等其他學科的應用技術，發展成為一門獨立的學科技術。

目前安防技術系統是集視頻監控、入侵探測與防盜防火報警、出／入口目標識別與控制、樓宇對講與訪客查詢、保安巡更與治安管理、電子警察與智能交通、實體防護與安檢、汽車場管理及系統綜合的網絡化、智能化的監控與管理的安防技術體系。因此，安防技術學科實際上主要由視頻監控技術、入侵探測與防盜防火報警技術、出／入口目標識別與控制技術三大部分組成。至于綜合系統后面的幾項，均可分別納入這三大部分之中。例如，樓宇對講與訪客查詢、電子警察與智能交通可納入視頻監控技術；保安巡更與治安管理可納入入侵探測與防盜防火報警技術；實體防護與安檢、汽車場管理可納入出／入口目標識別與控制技術之中等。

Highlighting the characteristics of security technology is to deeply understand the needs of security and explore the potential needs in the field of security. Strengthen applied basic research, strengthen the research and exploration of cutting-edge disciplines, realize technology orientation and promote the development of security technology. Security technology has developed on the basis of other disciplines and under the general technical environment (technology, platform, chip, etc.), gradually formed its own products and systems, and formed its own characteristics and special technical direction. The basic research and application basic research carried out in these directions will produce the unique technologies, platforms and chips of security. At this time, people will say that security technology is an independent discipline, and the main feature of this discipline is that it is at the edge of other disciplines and the intersection of multiple disciplines.
With the development of photoelectric information technology, microelectronics, microcomputer and digital video technology, security technology has changed from traditional analog to highly integrated miniaturization, digitization and networking, and is developing towards high-definition and intelligence. And has begun to develop from foreground management to background processing. Soon, many digital video devices will have the functions of image recognition and feature extraction, such as motion detection and alarm through image analysis, detection and alarm of abnormal behavior of people and vehicles, so as to make the security technology intelligent. At present, the security technology has changed from the classical mode of applying the technology of various disciplines to the modern intelligent mode required by the characteristics of the security technology with image processing, recognition and tracking as the core. The subject of security technology has developed from the application technology of Optoelectronics and other disciplines to an independent subject technology.
At present, the security technology system is a network-based and intelligent monitoring and management technology system integrating video monitoring, intrusion detection and anti-theft and fire alarm, entrance / exit target identification and control, building intercom and visitor query, security patrol and public security management, electronic police and intelligent transportation, physical protection and security inspection, garage management and system integration. Therefore, the security technology discipline is actually mainly composed of three parts: video monitoring technology, intrusion detection and anti-theft and fire alarm technology, entrance / exit target recognition and control technology. As for the latter items of the integrated system, they can be included in these three parts respectively. For example, building intercom and visitor query, e-police and intelligent transportation can be incorporated into video monitoring technology; Security patrol and security management can be incorporated into intrusion detection and anti-theft and fire alarm technology; Physical protection, security inspection and garage management can be incorporated into the medium level of entry / exit target identification and control technology.