安防監控系統-安防行業中的一些不足

所屬分類：手機監控

發布時間：2021-11-21 20:17:11

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當安全表現為一種明顯的社會需求時，采用拿來主義，借鑒和應用相關的技術，很快實現安全的基本要素，滿足社會的安全需求是自然的事，是必然的過程。但是這種方式一定會陸續出現一些嚴重的問題和不足，如上面提到的誤報警率高的問題。于是人們開始改造這些拿來的技術，形成安防技術的研究方向，開始出現安防特有的技術和產品。這就是安防技術發生、發展的軌跡。下面進行歸納和總結。

一項技術（產品）被用于安全的目的，由此具備了功能、結構及系統運行管理上的特點，這些特點是由安全目標的特殊性、安防系統探測對象的特殊性所決定的，它包括特殊的功能和性能要求、特定的體系結構（應用模式）及特別的評價標準和方法。為適應這些特點所進行的研究成為安防技術研究的一個方向，一個個方向構成了安防技術的體系，產生了安防系統的專用的技術、產品。

視頻監控就是一門被用于安全的技術，早期的應用就是實時監控，作為報警系統的復核手段，如同一般的工業電視系統。逐漸的，人們開始開發它更多的功能，以滿足特殊的安全要求。利用視頻監控，人們可以在特殊環境下獲得圖像信息，于是出現了日／夜轉換、紅外攝像、特殊的防護裝置等高靈敏度、適應嚴酷環境的安防專用攝像設備；數字視頻技術的出現，極大地促進了視頻監控在安防系統中的應用，產生專門應用于安防系統的產品和系統，如數字視頻記錄設備（DVR）、視頻網關、遠程視頻監控系統等。這些產品和應用模式是安防系統所獨具的，是為滿足安全需求而產生的；隨著數字視頻應用的深入，實時監控已不能滿足安全的需求了，對圖像的自動分析、理解、識別，使具有探測和預警功能，成為視頻監控技術主要的研究方向，也成為拉動安防技術發展的主導技術。因此，雖然可以說安防系統是電視技術的一個重要的應用領域，但也可以說，視頻監控（特別是上述的專用技術和產品）已是安防技術的一個重要的或主要的部分。

其他一些技術也是如此，如紅外探測技術是最早應用在安全領域的探測手段，但是安防系統的特殊要求（探測的真實性）促使安防科技人員進行了探測元結構、信號處理技術上的改進和專業化的設計，使之成為獨具特色的入侵探測設備和系統。

一門應用技術的發展，除了要充分利用其他通用技術提供的基礎外，注意突出自己的特點是很重要的。凡事預則立，不預則廢，突出了特點，就找到了方向，就會有許多課題擺在我們面前。以往，人們比較注意強調安全應用的特點，或強調安全應用目的的重要性，用一種神秘感和特殊性把安防技術隱藏起來。這樣會忽略了去尋找和建立（形成）技術上的特點，從而影響了安防技術自身的發展。

When security is expressed as an obvious social demand, it is natural and inevitable to adopt the doctrine of taking, learn from and apply relevant technologies to quickly realize the basic elements of security and meet the social security demand. However, there will be some serious problems and deficiencies in this way, such as the high false alarm rate mentioned above. So people began to transform these technologies, form the research direction of security technology, and began to appear unique technologies and products of security. This is the track of the occurrence and development of security technology. The following is a summary.
A technology (product) is used for the purpose of safety, so it has the characteristics of function, structure and system operation management. These characteristics are determined by the particularity of safety objectives and the particularity of detection objects of security system. It includes special function and performance requirements, specific architecture (application mode) and special evaluation standards and methods. In order to adapt to these characteristics, the research has become a direction of security technology research. Each direction constitutes the system of security technology and produces special technologies and products of security system.
Video monitoring is a technology used for security. Its early application is real-time monitoring, which is a means of rechecking the alarm system, just like the general industrial TV system. Gradually, people began to develop more functions to meet special security requirements. Using video surveillance, people can obtain image information in special environment, so there are special security camera equipment with high sensitivity and suitable for harsh environment, such as day / night conversion, infrared camera and special protective device; The emergence of digital video technology has greatly promoted the application of video surveillance in security system, and produced products and systems specially used in security system, such as digital video recording equipment (DVR), video gateway, remote video surveillance system, etc. These products and application modes are unique to the security system and are produced to meet the security needs; With the in-depth application of digital video, real-time monitoring can no longer meet the needs of security. The automatic analysis, understanding and recognition of images have the functions of detection and early warning, which has become the main research direction of video monitoring technology and the leading technology driving the development of security technology. Therefore, although it can be said that the security system is an important application field of TV technology, it can also be said that video surveillance (especially the above-mentioned special technologies and products) is an important or main part of security technology.
The same is true for other technologies. For example, infrared detection technology is the earliest detection means applied in the security field, but the special requirements of security system (authenticity of detection) urge security scientists and technicians to improve and professionalize the detection element structure and signal processing technology, making it a unique intrusion detection equipment and system.
In addition to making full use of the foundation provided by other general technologies, it is very important to highlight their own characteristics in the development of an application technology. Everything is established in advance and abandoned without advance. If we highlight the characteristics, we will find the direction, and many topics will be put in front of us. In the past, people paid more attention to emphasizing the characteristics of security application or the importance of the purpose of security application, and hid the security technology with a sense of mystery and particularity. This will neglect to find and establish (form) technical characteristics, thus affecting the development of security technology itself.